Water Shaofei three minutes before drinking, because Changhe not easy to thoroughly boil the water for cancer.
Ordinary water in the political arena into the water plant, to go through chlorination, the residual chlorine in water and organic matter interaction, will form halocarbons, chloroform and other toxic carcinogenic compounds. Research shows that halocarbons, and chloroform in boiling water temperature changes and duration are closely related. When the water temperature rose to 100 ℃, the content of halocarbons and chloroform were 110 micrograms and 99 micrograms, more than the national standard. If we continue to boiling, the last three minutes later, the content of halocarbons and chloroform to 9.2 micrograms and 8.3 micrograms, at this time to become safe drinking water.
2008-07-14
Postoperative care of gastric cancer
The surgical resection of gastric cancer is the most effective treatment methods. However, after most of the stomach was cut off, leaving the residual stomach size smaller, will cause digestion and absorption, and other functions of the change. Some patients over a period of time may have on the abdomen after eating Baozhang flu, less stool, or the growing number of fasting, stomach burning, pain, and so on. How to reduce these symptoms, as soon as possible to adapt to this change? »Patients feel comfortable in addition to maintaining and strengthening exercises, increasing nutrition, we must pay attention to the following questions:
(1) to the consumption volume should be less, from thick to thin gradually adapt. Xijiaomanyan when to eat, so as to reduce the burden of residual stomach. Can Shaoshiduocan, the general daily consumption of five to six times as well.
(2) after two to three weeks, some patients may into sweets (such as milk sweetened, etc.) after flustered, sweating, dizziness, nausea, abdominal discomfort on the symptoms, generally lasts 15 to 30 minutes 10 minutes to ease their own, known as "dumping syndrome." To prevent such a situation, into the sweets, regular consumption of Xian Shi Yi Xiaohua, and the need to control the consumption rate. Lie down after eating the best break of 15 to 20 minutes. This situation in general after one to two months to gradually disappear, if not more than two months to improve the treatment to the hospital for an examination.
(3) of gastric cancer treatment after surgery in accordance with doctor's orders, to prevent anemia. According to other specific circumstances adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy, immune therapy, Chinese medicine treatment. More importantly, it must be regularly reviewed, such as fecal occult blood, gastrointestinal perspective, gastroscopy, B-chao, chest film, in order to early detection of gastric cancer recurrence or metastasis.
(1) to the consumption volume should be less, from thick to thin gradually adapt. Xijiaomanyan when to eat, so as to reduce the burden of residual stomach. Can Shaoshiduocan, the general daily consumption of five to six times as well.
(2) after two to three weeks, some patients may into sweets (such as milk sweetened, etc.) after flustered, sweating, dizziness, nausea, abdominal discomfort on the symptoms, generally lasts 15 to 30 minutes 10 minutes to ease their own, known as "dumping syndrome." To prevent such a situation, into the sweets, regular consumption of Xian Shi Yi Xiaohua, and the need to control the consumption rate. Lie down after eating the best break of 15 to 20 minutes. This situation in general after one to two months to gradually disappear, if not more than two months to improve the treatment to the hospital for an examination.
(3) of gastric cancer treatment after surgery in accordance with doctor's orders, to prevent anemia. According to other specific circumstances adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy, immune therapy, Chinese medicine treatment. More importantly, it must be regularly reviewed, such as fecal occult blood, gastrointestinal perspective, gastroscopy, B-chao, chest film, in order to early detection of gastric cancer recurrence or metastasis.
The combination of advanced gastric cancer method
Late digestive system cancer "to help restrain triple therapy": digestive system for cancer drugs + + broad-spectrum anti-cancer drug increased bone marrow drug
1. Through the digestive system cancer drug targeted treatment for digestive system cancer, to effectively control and reduce the digestive system cancer tumor-like, good for digestive system cancer drug capsule is Zhenxiang, cancer-pills, and these two drug poisoning Minimal side effects, can be avoided "to drug Gong poison" the frail patients with advanced cancer of the digestive system of direct harm, can be optional, said Xiang Ping capsules and anti-cancer pill as the preferred one.
2. Through the broad-spectrum anti-cancer drugs can strengthen the digestive system cancer treatment, and effective control of blood and lymphatic metastasis to other systemic treatment of tumors transfer the role of the frail patients with advanced digestive system cancer drugs select the same attention to the first drug - Security, through our large number of clinical observations, Ankang Xin capsule, the Senate Dan Sanjie capsules and Lung Cancer church Xiao-ping-effects of prominent, side effects are relatively small, is the ideal drug of choice.
3. Strengthen the role of bone marrow drug is Air Yangxue, Jianpi Yishen, fill the Health and fine pulp. Can improve the patient's own fight against the ability of cancer cells, while effective in the treatment of advanced two qi and blood loss caused by dizziness, Consumers halo, burnout fatigue, nausea and vomiting, side effects of these drugs is the best flavor particles Shenqi 11 And Spleen Yishen particles.
1. Through the digestive system cancer drug targeted treatment for digestive system cancer, to effectively control and reduce the digestive system cancer tumor-like, good for digestive system cancer drug capsule is Zhenxiang, cancer-pills, and these two drug poisoning Minimal side effects, can be avoided "to drug Gong poison" the frail patients with advanced cancer of the digestive system of direct harm, can be optional, said Xiang Ping capsules and anti-cancer pill as the preferred one.
2. Through the broad-spectrum anti-cancer drugs can strengthen the digestive system cancer treatment, and effective control of blood and lymphatic metastasis to other systemic treatment of tumors transfer the role of the frail patients with advanced digestive system cancer drugs select the same attention to the first drug - Security, through our large number of clinical observations, Ankang Xin capsule, the Senate Dan Sanjie capsules and Lung Cancer church Xiao-ping-effects of prominent, side effects are relatively small, is the ideal drug of choice.
3. Strengthen the role of bone marrow drug is Air Yangxue, Jianpi Yishen, fill the Health and fine pulp. Can improve the patient's own fight against the ability of cancer cells, while effective in the treatment of advanced two qi and blood loss caused by dizziness, Consumers halo, burnout fatigue, nausea and vomiting, side effects of these drugs is the best flavor particles Shenqi 11 And Spleen Yishen particles.
2008-07-13
Stomach cancer is caused by what the »
And now that the following factors related to the occurrence of gastric cancer:
(A) environmental factors: different countries and regions, the incidence of the significant difference between that and environmental factors, the most important factor is diet.
Salt may be Exogenous induced by one of the factors of gastric cancer. Residents intake of salt and more countries have a high incidence of gastric cancer, nitrosamine compounds have been successfully induced gastric cancer in animals, smoked fish contain more of the 34 - benzopyrene (benzopyrene), mouldy food containing more Mycotoxins; processed rice covered in talcum powder outside its chemical structure and nature of asbestos fibres are similar to the above material, are considered carcinogenic effect.
(B) genetic factors: some families in some of the higher incidence of gastric cancer, gastric cancer data show that occurred in the A blood group O blood type than the people who for more.
(C) immune factors: the lower the immune function of the higher incidence of gastric cancer, immune dysfunction may be the cancer of the immune supervisory role in the decline of gastric cancer in a certain sense.
(D) pre-cancerous change: the so-called pre-cancerous change is that some of the strong tendency of malignant lesions, such as lesions may not be addressed for the development of gastric cancer. Pre-cancerous changes including pre-cancerous condition (precancerous conditions) and pre-cancerous lesions (precancerous lesions).
1. Gastric pre-cancerous condition
(1) chronic atrophic gastritis: chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer incidence was significantly positive correlation.
(2) pernicious anemia: pernicious anemia in patients with gastric cancer in 10 percent of gastric cancer incidence rate for the normal population of 5 to 10 times.
(3) gastric polyps: adenomatous polyps-or-villi of the stomach while the proportion of polyps is not high, the cancer rate of 15% to 40%, greater than 2 cm in diameter were higher rates of cancer, and proliferation of cancerous polyps多见Rate of only 1 percent.
(4) residual stomach: benign gastric residual disease after surgery in the stomach cancer that residual stomach. Stomach cancer after surgery especially in the beginning after 10 rate increased significantly.
(5) benign gastric ulcer: gastric ulcer is not in itself a pre-cancerous state, and the ulcer is prone to the edge of the mucous membrane and malignant intestinal metaplasia.
(6) of huge gastric folds (Menetrier disease): serum protein folds by the enormous loss of gastric mucosa, a clinical hypoproteinemia and swelling of about 10% of cancer.
2. Gastric pre-cancerous lesions
(1) profiled proliferation and inter-change: the former, also known as dysplasia, a chronic inflammation caused by the irreversible pathological cell proliferation, in a few cases can not be changed gastric cancer (anaplasia) are cancerous opportunities.
(2) IM: a type of small intestine and large intestine of two. Intestinal type (complete) with the characteristics of small intestinal differentiation, better, coliform (not complete) and the mucosa similar, can be divided into two subtypes: Ⅱ a can of non-sulfuric acid secretion of mucin; Ⅱ b-to Sulfuric acid secretion of this type of mucin close relationship with gastric cancer.
(A) environmental factors: different countries and regions, the incidence of the significant difference between that and environmental factors, the most important factor is diet.
Salt may be Exogenous induced by one of the factors of gastric cancer. Residents intake of salt and more countries have a high incidence of gastric cancer, nitrosamine compounds have been successfully induced gastric cancer in animals, smoked fish contain more of the 34 - benzopyrene (benzopyrene), mouldy food containing more Mycotoxins; processed rice covered in talcum powder outside its chemical structure and nature of asbestos fibres are similar to the above material, are considered carcinogenic effect.
(B) genetic factors: some families in some of the higher incidence of gastric cancer, gastric cancer data show that occurred in the A blood group O blood type than the people who for more.
(C) immune factors: the lower the immune function of the higher incidence of gastric cancer, immune dysfunction may be the cancer of the immune supervisory role in the decline of gastric cancer in a certain sense.
(D) pre-cancerous change: the so-called pre-cancerous change is that some of the strong tendency of malignant lesions, such as lesions may not be addressed for the development of gastric cancer. Pre-cancerous changes including pre-cancerous condition (precancerous conditions) and pre-cancerous lesions (precancerous lesions).
1. Gastric pre-cancerous condition
(1) chronic atrophic gastritis: chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer incidence was significantly positive correlation.
(2) pernicious anemia: pernicious anemia in patients with gastric cancer in 10 percent of gastric cancer incidence rate for the normal population of 5 to 10 times.
(3) gastric polyps: adenomatous polyps-or-villi of the stomach while the proportion of polyps is not high, the cancer rate of 15% to 40%, greater than 2 cm in diameter were higher rates of cancer, and proliferation of cancerous polyps多见Rate of only 1 percent.
(4) residual stomach: benign gastric residual disease after surgery in the stomach cancer that residual stomach. Stomach cancer after surgery especially in the beginning after 10 rate increased significantly.
(5) benign gastric ulcer: gastric ulcer is not in itself a pre-cancerous state, and the ulcer is prone to the edge of the mucous membrane and malignant intestinal metaplasia.
(6) of huge gastric folds (Menetrier disease): serum protein folds by the enormous loss of gastric mucosa, a clinical hypoproteinemia and swelling of about 10% of cancer.
2. Gastric pre-cancerous lesions
(1) profiled proliferation and inter-change: the former, also known as dysplasia, a chronic inflammation caused by the irreversible pathological cell proliferation, in a few cases can not be changed gastric cancer (anaplasia) are cancerous opportunities.
(2) IM: a type of small intestine and large intestine of two. Intestinal type (complete) with the characteristics of small intestinal differentiation, better, coliform (not complete) and the mucosa similar, can be divided into two subtypes: Ⅱ a can of non-sulfuric acid secretion of mucin; Ⅱ b-to Sulfuric acid secretion of this type of mucin close relationship with gastric cancer.
Means the transfer of gastric cancer
1. Disseminated directly: invasion of gastric cancer can be along directly to the mucous membrane or serous esophagus or stomach, duodenum, cancer Once serous membrane that is easy invasion and the surrounding neighbouring organ or tissue, such as liver pancreas spleen, transverse colon, Jejunum, diaphragm and abdominal wall, such as the omentum invasion, when Ke Zhongzhi shedding cancer cells in the abdominal, pelvic, ovarian and colorectal bladder lacunae, etc..
2. Metastasis: gastric cancer accounted for 70 percent of the transfer of the lower part of stomach cancer often transferred to H. pylori, the stomach and abdominal artery, and other adjacent lymph nodes, and the upper part of pancreatic cancer often transferred to the adjacent upper gastric cardia next to lymph nodes, may transfer advanced cancer Aorta to the surrounding lymph nodes and diaphragm, the abdominal lymph nodes and chest catheter direct traffic, it can be transferred to the lymph nodes on the left collarbone.
3. Blood transfer: Some patients with cancer can be found through the portal can be transferred to the liver, kidney and bone up lung brain meningeal spleen skin, etc..
2. Metastasis: gastric cancer accounted for 70 percent of the transfer of the lower part of stomach cancer often transferred to H. pylori, the stomach and abdominal artery, and other adjacent lymph nodes, and the upper part of pancreatic cancer often transferred to the adjacent upper gastric cardia next to lymph nodes, may transfer advanced cancer Aorta to the surrounding lymph nodes and diaphragm, the abdominal lymph nodes and chest catheter direct traffic, it can be transferred to the lymph nodes on the left collarbone.
3. Blood transfer: Some patients with cancer can be found through the portal can be transferred to the liver, kidney and bone up lung brain meningeal spleen skin, etc..
Study found that clinical trials of cancer drugs shortcomings
Cancer research and drug development will be a better therapy, according to one from Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center researchers published the report pointed out that these test cancer drugs in clinical trials there is a lot of shortcomings.
The published in the February 1 Clinical Cancer Research study, explains why many experimental drugs without the adoption of the final large and expensive clinical testing.
The researchers found that, in their review of the June 2003 to June 2005, a total of 70 Phase II study, only nine on a clear definition of the patients used to assess the benefits of standards. These studies generally contain 30 to 50 patients, the goal is to assess whether to continue the large-scale Phase III clinical trial, which is to decide whether the drug can be used for patients with cancer of the final test.
The researchers pointed out that this is in the clinical trial testing led to the problem, because even when the drug has changed, researchers are still using the same old methods to measure the effectiveness of these drugs. So the researchers suggested that when the pharmaceutical companies or laboratories for new material for clinical trials, we must set up a new assessment criteria, can more effectively assess the efficacy and safety of drugs.
The published in the February 1 Clinical Cancer Research study, explains why many experimental drugs without the adoption of the final large and expensive clinical testing.
The researchers found that, in their review of the June 2003 to June 2005, a total of 70 Phase II study, only nine on a clear definition of the patients used to assess the benefits of standards. These studies generally contain 30 to 50 patients, the goal is to assess whether to continue the large-scale Phase III clinical trial, which is to decide whether the drug can be used for patients with cancer of the final test.
The researchers pointed out that this is in the clinical trial testing led to the problem, because even when the drug has changed, researchers are still using the same old methods to measure the effectiveness of these drugs. So the researchers suggested that when the pharmaceutical companies or laboratories for new material for clinical trials, we must set up a new assessment criteria, can more effectively assess the efficacy and safety of drugs.
New ways to prevent stomach cancer! Lactoferrin was Qixiao
Research showed that lactoferrin on gastrointestinal cancer, such as colon cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, a chemical prevention role, and can inhibit tumor metastasis.
Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein, with broad-spectrum antibiotic, anti-virus infection, to adjust the balance of iron; regulate the formation of bone marrow cells to promote cell growth; regulate immune function, enhance the ability of the body resistance; inhibiting the human body Tumor cells; can with a variety of antibiotics and anti-fungal agent synergies and more effective treatment of disease.
Lactoferrin in 1960 were found in breast milk. Subsequently a number of scientists in various organisms and cells in the body fluids found the change of protein and a large number of studies to determine its body by the seven major function is.
1, lactoferrin with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity
Lactoferrin against gram-negative and positive bacteria of the inhibitory effect is due to begin a high degree of lactoferrin with iron so that the growth of bacteria lose the basic nutrients needed iron. In addition, lactoferrin through the end-of-cation of the region, increasing the permeability of the membrane of bacteria, the bacterial lipopolysaccharide from the outer membrane leakage, to direct sterilization. Lactoferrin on Staphylococcus aureus infection caused by respiratory infections, boil, carbuncle, and so a very good role in the prevention and treatment.
2, lactoferrin with antiviral effect
Lactoferrin by inhibiting the virus to enter cells and reduce the damage to human liver cells, this conclusion by the Japanese National Cancer Center Research Institute and the Institute of Kyoto University researchers virus through animal experiments and clinical trials in the 1998 report of the research results Confirmed.
3, lactoferrin has antioxidant
Research results showed that lactoferrin can inhibit iron-induced lipid peroxidation process generated by thiobarbituric acid and MDA generation. In addition, milk protein degradation of iron in the transshipment of yeast RNA, a nucleic acid nuclear activity of candy, and can inhibit the formation of superoxide ions. All of these can lower the body of free radicals in the walls of the arteries flexible damage to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease purposes.
4, lactoferrin with anti-cancer role
Lactoferrin on the stomach of Helicobacter pylori infection caused by chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer have a very good role in the prevention and treatment. In addition, lactoferrin on the digestive tract cancers such as colon cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, a chemical prevention role, and can inhibit tumor metastasis.
5, lactoferrin regulate the body's immune response
Lactoferrin in the host defense system activated the initial activation, regulation and control different types of lymphocytes in the immune response to the change in the impact, and improve immunity in the prevention of hepatitis C virus infections, the treatment of chronic hepatitis have played a positive Role.
6, lactoferrin regulate gastrointestinal iron absorption
Lactoferrin through its amino and carboxyl terminal to the two iron-binding region of high-affinity, and iron-binding and irreversible, and maintain the iron in a broader range of pH, iron and completed in the duodenum The cells absorb and use.
7, with the lactoferrin drug synergies
Studies have shown that lactoferrin can be the same range of antibiotics and antiviral drugs synergies, reduction of drug consumption, reduce antibiotic resistance or fungal agents on human liver and kidney function. At the same time, enhance the microbes in the drug sensitivity.
As lactoferrin has the above seven major features, many scientists and medical scientists should have started it and to the clinical, in the prevention and treatment of disease Chi Cheng was in the exploration and recognized experts in clinical medicine. With lactoferrin role, functions, mechanisms and clarify the scope of development should be constantly expanding, I believe that lactoferrin in the treatment, nutritional supplements, food, and other areas has broad prospects. Source: 39 community health network.
Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein, with broad-spectrum antibiotic, anti-virus infection, to adjust the balance of iron; regulate the formation of bone marrow cells to promote cell growth; regulate immune function, enhance the ability of the body resistance; inhibiting the human body Tumor cells; can with a variety of antibiotics and anti-fungal agent synergies and more effective treatment of disease.
Lactoferrin in 1960 were found in breast milk. Subsequently a number of scientists in various organisms and cells in the body fluids found the change of protein and a large number of studies to determine its body by the seven major function is.
1, lactoferrin with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity
Lactoferrin against gram-negative and positive bacteria of the inhibitory effect is due to begin a high degree of lactoferrin with iron so that the growth of bacteria lose the basic nutrients needed iron. In addition, lactoferrin through the end-of-cation of the region, increasing the permeability of the membrane of bacteria, the bacterial lipopolysaccharide from the outer membrane leakage, to direct sterilization. Lactoferrin on Staphylococcus aureus infection caused by respiratory infections, boil, carbuncle, and so a very good role in the prevention and treatment.
2, lactoferrin with antiviral effect
Lactoferrin by inhibiting the virus to enter cells and reduce the damage to human liver cells, this conclusion by the Japanese National Cancer Center Research Institute and the Institute of Kyoto University researchers virus through animal experiments and clinical trials in the 1998 report of the research results Confirmed.
3, lactoferrin has antioxidant
Research results showed that lactoferrin can inhibit iron-induced lipid peroxidation process generated by thiobarbituric acid and MDA generation. In addition, milk protein degradation of iron in the transshipment of yeast RNA, a nucleic acid nuclear activity of candy, and can inhibit the formation of superoxide ions. All of these can lower the body of free radicals in the walls of the arteries flexible damage to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease purposes.
4, lactoferrin with anti-cancer role
Lactoferrin on the stomach of Helicobacter pylori infection caused by chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer have a very good role in the prevention and treatment. In addition, lactoferrin on the digestive tract cancers such as colon cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, a chemical prevention role, and can inhibit tumor metastasis.
5, lactoferrin regulate the body's immune response
Lactoferrin in the host defense system activated the initial activation, regulation and control different types of lymphocytes in the immune response to the change in the impact, and improve immunity in the prevention of hepatitis C virus infections, the treatment of chronic hepatitis have played a positive Role.
6, lactoferrin regulate gastrointestinal iron absorption
Lactoferrin through its amino and carboxyl terminal to the two iron-binding region of high-affinity, and iron-binding and irreversible, and maintain the iron in a broader range of pH, iron and completed in the duodenum The cells absorb and use.
7, with the lactoferrin drug synergies
Studies have shown that lactoferrin can be the same range of antibiotics and antiviral drugs synergies, reduction of drug consumption, reduce antibiotic resistance or fungal agents on human liver and kidney function. At the same time, enhance the microbes in the drug sensitivity.
As lactoferrin has the above seven major features, many scientists and medical scientists should have started it and to the clinical, in the prevention and treatment of disease Chi Cheng was in the exploration and recognized experts in clinical medicine. With lactoferrin role, functions, mechanisms and clarify the scope of development should be constantly expanding, I believe that lactoferrin in the treatment, nutritional supplements, food, and other areas has broad prospects. Source: 39 community health network.
ESD - gastric cancer treatment new revolution!
The stripping of endoscopic mucosal (ESD) in recent years there is a new treatment. In minimally invasive techniques, through the ESD to be complete with large lesions, but also "Saojing" part of the mucosal lesions, tumors to achieve radical results.
Early gastric cancer (EGC) is gastric cancer lesions in the mucous membrane or submucosa, regardless of whether there is a lesion size and metastasis. Caesarean section surgery for gastric cancer and lymph node dissection for the treatment is an effective means of EGC, the 5-year survival rate of 96 percent or more. In recent years carried out under the EGC endoscopic mucosal stripping of (ESD) not only treatment and surgical laparotomy similar, but it also enabled the majority of patients from the traditional surgical treatment and the risk of postoperative quality of life seriously affected.
Radical surgery for gastric cancer and lymph node dissection of the past have been considered to be the preferred treatment of EGC, but the surgical complication rate, high mortality, but also seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Research has confirmed that the low rate of metastasis in the EGC suitable for endoscopic therapy.
ESD obvious advantages
ESD expanded the EGC endoscopic removal of the indications, and laparotomy and past EMR, such as endoscopic treatment comparison, ESD has the obvious advantages:
1, individual treatment, well-targeted. ESD can be treated in accordance with the EGC location, size, shape and type of organization developed a reasonable individualized treatment plan, it can guarantee the complete removal of tumor, while maximizing retention and its normal function.
2, minor trauma patients with easy tolerance.
3, the same patients with multiple ESD acceptable treatment, can also be a multi-site treatment.
4, in the case of non-operation through the ESD a complete pathological specimens, to provide accurate tumor histological period, the tumor clear the depth of invasion, differentiation, and clearly the existence of lymphatic and vascular invasion, predicted the existence of metastasis, and other high-risk Factors.
5, compared with the EMR, ESD can be larger area, irregular shape or merger of ulcers, scarring of the tumor from the inherent integrity of a one-time muscle stripping down the surface, complete with a one-time rate of more than 96 percent, significantly reduced tumor Residues and recurrence.
EGC indications
Japan used ESD to expand the indications for the treatment of EGC:
1, tumor diameter ≤ 20 mm, combined with existing ulcer undifferentiated carcinoma mucosa;
2, regardless of size lesions, ulcers exist without the merger of the mucous membrane of differentiated cancer;
3, tumor diameter ≤ 30 mm, the merger of the existence of ulcers in the mucous membrane of differentiated cancer;
4, tumor diameter ≤ 30 mm, combined with existing ulcer differentiated SM1 submucosal cancer.
The frail elderly, a surgical contraindications or suspected metastasis of cancer submucosal refused surgery can be considered as relative indications of sources: 39 community health network
Early gastric cancer (EGC) is gastric cancer lesions in the mucous membrane or submucosa, regardless of whether there is a lesion size and metastasis. Caesarean section surgery for gastric cancer and lymph node dissection for the treatment is an effective means of EGC, the 5-year survival rate of 96 percent or more. In recent years carried out under the EGC endoscopic mucosal stripping of (ESD) not only treatment and surgical laparotomy similar, but it also enabled the majority of patients from the traditional surgical treatment and the risk of postoperative quality of life seriously affected.
Radical surgery for gastric cancer and lymph node dissection of the past have been considered to be the preferred treatment of EGC, but the surgical complication rate, high mortality, but also seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Research has confirmed that the low rate of metastasis in the EGC suitable for endoscopic therapy.
ESD obvious advantages
ESD expanded the EGC endoscopic removal of the indications, and laparotomy and past EMR, such as endoscopic treatment comparison, ESD has the obvious advantages:
1, individual treatment, well-targeted. ESD can be treated in accordance with the EGC location, size, shape and type of organization developed a reasonable individualized treatment plan, it can guarantee the complete removal of tumor, while maximizing retention and its normal function.
2, minor trauma patients with easy tolerance.
3, the same patients with multiple ESD acceptable treatment, can also be a multi-site treatment.
4, in the case of non-operation through the ESD a complete pathological specimens, to provide accurate tumor histological period, the tumor clear the depth of invasion, differentiation, and clearly the existence of lymphatic and vascular invasion, predicted the existence of metastasis, and other high-risk Factors.
5, compared with the EMR, ESD can be larger area, irregular shape or merger of ulcers, scarring of the tumor from the inherent integrity of a one-time muscle stripping down the surface, complete with a one-time rate of more than 96 percent, significantly reduced tumor Residues and recurrence.
EGC indications
Japan used ESD to expand the indications for the treatment of EGC:
1, tumor diameter ≤ 20 mm, combined with existing ulcer undifferentiated carcinoma mucosa;
2, regardless of size lesions, ulcers exist without the merger of the mucous membrane of differentiated cancer;
3, tumor diameter ≤ 30 mm, the merger of the existence of ulcers in the mucous membrane of differentiated cancer;
4, tumor diameter ≤ 30 mm, combined with existing ulcer differentiated SM1 submucosal cancer.
The frail elderly, a surgical contraindications or suspected metastasis of cancer submucosal refused surgery can be considered as relative indications of sources: 39 community health network
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