On the knowledge of lung cancer

Primary lung cancer called bronchoalveolar carcinoma, the primary means in the pulmonary and bronchial mucous membrane of tumor, is one of the most common malignant tumor. Nearly half a century, the countries of lung cancer morbidity and mortality in the sharp rise in industrial developed countries rose more significantly, such as Britain, the United States, West Germany, Canada and other countries, lung cancer ranks the top male cancer deaths. China's industrial cities and some individual mining area has a similar phenomenon. Such as the Shanghai male lung cancer mortality rate (52.0/10 million, since 1978 has leapt to the top of all cancer mortality.

Most lung cancer patients are men, women and men a ratio of about 4 to 8:1. But in recent years the gap between the growing incidence of both sexes narrowed. The incidence increases with age, 50-60-year-old rising particularly significant. High mortality of the disease, despite all kinds of treatment, the average five-year survival rate of less than 10 percent.

Symptoms of lung cancer

About 5 percent to 10 percent of early lung cancer patients have no symptoms, only when medical x line to be found. More than 90 percent of the patients have symptoms, but not the specific early symptoms, in general, will have four categories.

(1) pulmonary symptoms

① cough: is the most common symptoms, about 2 / 3 of patients have such symptoms. Can be a mild cough, it can also be a serious cough, sputum ranging from the number. But in a long-term chronic cough patients once the changing nature of cough, or frequency or a night cough, it is necessary to guard against lung cancer. Continuing difficult to control cough lung cancer is one of the most painful symptoms.

② hemoptysis: half of the lung cancer patients have such symptoms. 40-year-old man was smoking more than once the bloody sputum, Blood-streaked phlegm or small blood clots, lung cancer is the possibility of a large, this is also one of the early symptoms of lung cancer.

③ chest pain: 30% to 40% of the lung and chest pain patients, is generally not keen intermittent chest pain. Duntong performance for the drilling or pain, and sustainable for a few minutes to a few hours. Such as cancer and pleural invasion is more intense pain, continuous and fixed. Such as lung cancer early reproduction chest pain, later said the pain in poor prognosis.

④ fever: Lung cancer is the most fever caused by bronchial tumor cavity obstruction, the result of poor drainage caused inflammation. Early treatment with antibiotics, the body temperature return to normal, but easy to relapse. Larger tumors, inflammatory Center in necrosis, due to the absorption of toxins from the body temperature higher. Sometimes flip-day heat, a few months, repeated anti-inflammatory treatment does not work, once the tumor removed, the body temperature returned to normal immediately. Check in lung cancer patients had no inflammation, but it is obvious fever, often the tumor itself is the cause, the so-called "cancer of the fever", the temperature often 38  c below. Male smokers over the age of 45 long-term lung inflammation fever, poor treatment of lung cancer are particularly alert to the possibility.

⑤ chest tightness, shortness of breath: In addition to obstruction of bronchial tumor does not cause lung inflammation of the lungs and can cause shortness of breath, chest tightness, and more generally in the advanced lung cancer more obvious, especially when there is Duoliang hydrothorax more prominent.

(2), chest, lung performance: As of pleural cancer: chest wall and mediastinal organs and nerves within the chest, the chest can cause a range of performance. Violations of pleural tumors can cause respiratory pain and pleural effusion (pleural effusion), pleural effusion that the prognosis for the bloody bad. Malignant pleural effusion can be found within the tumor cells are lost opportunities for surgery. Mediastinal tumor more involved lymph node is due to transfer from a small number of direct infringement. 5% of patients because of pressure on the vena cava tumor caused swelling over his shoulder and upper limbs, intravenous Nuzhang, headache, difficulty in breathing, that is already late. Oppression of esophageal cancer can cause difficulty swallowing, violations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause voice hoarse.

(3) Xiongwai transfer performance: Lung cancer often along the lymphatic vessels and the transfer to the neck lymph nodes, liver, adrenal gland, bone, kidney and brain metastases common. Nearly 15 percent of the patients is metastasis to the first performance in small-cell lung cancer and cancer of the blood transfer of the most common.

(4) Xiongwai transfer of non-performance: Xiongwai transfer of non-performance of only 2 percent of patients can appear, but the symptoms of complicated, involving more systems, mechanisms of unknown etiology. Bones are common manifestations, such as the pestle fingers (toe) and bone and joint diseases; neuromuscular performance, such as myopathy, and peripheral neuropathy, cerebellar degeneration, and so on; endocrine performance, such as Cushing's syndrome, in abnormal hormone secretion, type Cancer syndrome, hypercalcemia, and so on; vascular performance, such as phlebitis, endocarditis; performance of the blood, such as anemia, Purpura, leukemoid reaction, and so on; performance of the skin, such as black spike skin disease, scleroderma, and so on.

(5) general performance: the general performance of lung cancer and other malignancies may appear like anorexia, weight loss, weakness, there could be the final solution of evil, and so on.