The prevalence of obesity led to the 5 major causes of

Obesity caused by a variety of reasons, we are following is a summary of the five major causes of obesity lead to

Lack of sleep

People with sleep to reduce the fat is associated? A number of large-scale epidemiological studies suggest that the answer is yes. In accordance with "the U.S. National health and nutrition examination survey," the data collected, less than 7 hours of sleep a night's sleep than many people tend to have higher body mass index (BMI). Similarly, "American Nurses Health Study," after 16 years on 68,000 women in the follow-up study found that in the study, those who slept an average of 5 hours per day than those who slept 6 hours to increase body weight, and sleep 6 Followed by one hour than 7 hours of sleep were more weight gain.

It was explained that the lack of sleep may change metabolism. Leptin is a hormone showed that the over-fed, when the direction of the hunger-fat increases, leptin levels drop, this time, open the appetite of people. The lack of sleep in mice and normal mice to eat more than twice. The people of the same study, in a sleep experiment, two nights in a row only 4 hours sleep, their leptin levels on the lower 18% fat-28% increase. The volunteers participated in the experiment reported that they felt hungry. It is clear that people's sleep really declining. The last century the United States per capita is 8.5 hours of sleep per night, while in 2002 the National Sleep Foundation survey has dropped to an average of 7 hours.

The choice of marriage

It looks like according to the search for a spouse, the husband and wife is also a pair of body weight. Shouzi Shouzi and more willing to get married, and marriage are more willing to fat fat. In 1999 published on the Family Canada 1341 study, Toronto's York University, Rizk Kai Zima found that the spouses of BMI and skin fold measurements (the thickness of subcutaneous fat) have a small but significant correlation between the .

The role of smoking cessation

A recent survey showed that smokers than thin people, to stop smoking meat is indeed long. Have speculated that nicotine may be an appetite inhibitor, seems to be able to raise people's metabolic rate. According to the National Center for Health Statistics of high-Hillard to statistics, people who quit smoking on the prevalence of obesity in the United States has a relatively small but the trend significantly. Since 1991, U.S. health and nutrition survey data collected by the Census and Statistics, a person quit smoking in the first 10 years and smokers than those who never smoked were more likely overweight. For example, in men, about half of overweight people to quit smoking, compared with never-smokers 37% of the proportion of overweight, while those who smoke only 28%.

From 1978 to 1990, the U.S. obesity prevalence increased by 9% trend. It is estimated that high-Hillard 1 / 5 from the increase in smoking cessation. That does not mean that to quit smoking on public health threat. But once you are infected with smoking, think of withdrawal, it may face increased risk of weight 45 kg.

The effects of prenatal

Obese mothers, especially those who have gestational diabetes develop into the next child born to mothers in their future life are more likely to become fat. While obesity may be mainly determined by genetic, but there are also some evidence that the "womb Project" for its impact.

Not one person asked why the obesity epidemic was the trend, he'll tell you: This is because people eat too much, burning too few calories and because of - a small school sports, children playing computer games than play ball Sports category, invasion of junk food market in the number of restaurants to eat more and more processed foods have been added to the use of the syrup.

However, these changes and the relationship between obesity has not been clearly proven. Since 2000, the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health to do a large-scale prevention of obesity. They have 41 schools in the recruitment of 1704 children of indigenous Americans, and then arrange them randomly into experimental and control groups. The experimental group given a better diet, more physical activity and healthy eating and lifestyle-related courses. These children have been follow-up study for three years. Surprisingly, the body fat in the experimental group and control group did not significantly reduced. University of Alabama at Birmingham love alex said: "We have the world's best research units in the throwing tens of millions of dollars, the final effect was not found."

Climate Control

No one would deny that in the past few decades, we find ourselves in the ambient temperature has changed. From 1997 to 2000, the British people in the average temperature from 13 ℃ to 18 ℃, in the United States, from 1987 to 1997, household air-conditioning use increased from 23% to 47% in the United States in the South some of the Obesity The relatively high incidence of the state, the use of air-conditioned house from the 37% jump to 70%.

Then the use of air-conditioned and well-being that we really can cause changes in body weight of it? Some studies prove true, at least in the winter and heating-related weight gain. Research shows that people stay for a few days breathing room, in comfortable temperatures, people consume less energy. In one study, women in the 27 ℃ and 22 ℃ environment, the energy difference between the day of 1 MJ (239 kcal). This is the burning body fat of 27 grams of energy. Also sweating burning energy, the use of biometric Ellison confirmed that the method: high temperature to reduce human consumption, and therefore the air-conditioning in the summer also played a role in the promotion of the diet.

Combined with other factors such as obesity is part of the genetic, as well as the more fat children will be more children, it seems better to explain the growing obesity epidemic.


导致肥胖流行的5大原因

引起肥胖的原因有很多，下面是我们总结的导致肥胖的五大原因

睡眠不足

睡眠的减少与人们变胖是否有关联？一些大型的流行病学研究认为，答案是肯定的。按照“美国国家健康营养讯问调查”收集的数据，一夜睡眠少于7小时的人比睡觉多的人倾向于有较高的身体重量指数(BMI)。与此类似的是“美国护士健康研究”，经过16年对68000名妇女的跟踪研究，发现在研究期间，那些每天平均睡5小时的人比睡6小时的人增加体重多，而睡6小时的人依次又比睡7小时的人增重多。

对此的解释是，睡眠缺失会改变代谢。瘦素是一种显示过饱的激素，当指示饥饿的胖素增加时，瘦素水平会下降，这时候，人的食欲大开。睡眠缺乏的小鼠比正常小鼠吃多两倍。对人的研究也是一样，在一个睡眠实验中，连续两晚只允许睡4小时的人，其瘦素水平就降低18%，而胖素增加28%。参加实验的志愿者报告说他们感觉很饿。显然，人们的睡眠真的在减少。上个世纪美国人均每夜睡眠是8.5小时，而2002年美国国家睡眠基金会调查的平均数已经降到了7小时以下。

婚姻的选择

正像人们按照相貌寻找配偶一样，夫妻的体重也是配对的。瘦子更愿意和瘦子结婚，而胖子更愿意嫁娶胖子。1999年发表的对1341个加拿大家庭的研究中，多伦多约克大学的凯兹马兹克发现，配偶双方的BMI和皮肤褶测量值(皮下脂肪的厚度)之间有着很小但显著的相关关系。

戒烟的作用

最近的调查表明，吸烟者的确比一般人瘦，戒烟的确让人长肉。有推测认为，尼古丁可能是一种食欲抑制剂，似乎还能提高人的代谢率。根据美国国家健康统计中心的福莱高统计，戒烟的人对美国的肥胖症流行趋势有着比较小但显著的影响。从1991年美国健康和营养调查所收集的统计数据得出，一个人在戒烟后的头10年比起那些烟民和从不吸烟的人更容易超重。比如，在男性中，大约有一半的戒烟者超重，相比之下，从不吸烟的人超重比例37%，而抽烟的人仅为28%。

从1978年到1990年，美国肥胖的流行趋势增加了9%。福莱高估计这其中有1/5的增加来自于戒烟的人。当然，这并不是说戒烟对公共健康造成了威胁。而是一旦你染上烟瘾，再想戒断，就有可能面临着增加45公斤体重的危险。

出生前的效应

肥胖母亲，特别是那些已经发展成妊娠期糖尿病母亲所生下的孩子，在他们日后的生活中更有可能成为胖子。虽然肥胖症可能主要取决于遗传，但也有证据表明某些“子宫内项目”对其产生影响。

随便问一个人，为什么肥胖呈流行趋势，他准会告诉你：这都是因为现在人们吃得太多，燃烧的卡路里又太少的缘故——学校体育活动少，孩子玩电脑游戏比玩球类运动多，垃圾食品入侵市场，人们在餐馆吃饭的次数越来越多，加工食品中增加了糖浆的使用量。

然而，这些变故和肥胖症之间的关系并没有被明确证明。从2000年开始，美国约翰·霍普金斯公共卫生学院做了一个大型预防肥胖症的项目。他们从41所学校招募了1704名土著美国人的小孩，然后随机将他们安排到实验组和对照组中。实验组给予较好的膳食、更多的体育活动和有关健康饮食与生活方式的课程。这些孩子被跟踪研究了3年。令人惊讶的是，实验组的体脂与对照组并无显著减少。伯明翰阿拉巴马大学的爱立森说：“我们在世界上最好的研究单位里扔了数千万美元，最后竟然发现根本没有效果。”

气候控制

没有人会否认，在过去的几十年中，我们所处的环境温度发生了变化。从1997年到2000年，英国人家中的平均温度从13℃提高到18℃，在美国，从 1987年到1997年家用空调的使用比例从23%提高到47%，在美国南方的一些肥胖症发病率比较高的州，使用空调的房子更从37%跃变为70%。

那么使用冷暖空调真的会造成我们的体重变化吗？一些研究证明的确如此，至少冬天供暖与体重增加有关。研究表明，让人们一连几天呆在呼吸室里，在舒适的温度下，人消耗的能量较少。在一项研究中，妇女在27℃与22℃的环境下，一天的耗能差异为1兆焦(239大卡)。这是燃烧27克身体脂肪的能量。出汗也燃烧能量，艾利森利用生物统计的方法证实：高温降低人的进食量，因而夏天的空调同样起到了增进饮食的作用。

结合其他原因，比如肥胖症是部分遗传的，以及较胖的人会生育较多的孩子，似乎更能解释目前肥胖症日渐流行的趋势。